|
|
|||||||
|
Construção da igreja Santa Paulina em Heliópolis |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
First Catholic Church in the Heliópolis Favela - São Paulo Regina Céli de Albuquerque Machado
Project description
Heliópolis is the largest shanty town (favela) in the city of São Paulo with one hundred thousand inhabitants. The first catholic church to be constructed in Heliópolis will be dedicated to the first Brazilian saint, Saint Paulina and will coincide with the centenary of the archdiocese of Sao Paulo in 2008. The land area is 384 square meters, and between 12-14 meters of width. In this area were 5 shanties, which were demolished, and the families returned to their cities with the money they received. The construction will occupy the total ground area, like all construction in the favela, but will be elevated, leaving the area below free, which were previously hidden a landscape. The ground area will be used for parking and leisure activities, such as sports, parties and meetings. The main body oh the church will be on the upper floor, with a mezzanine which will increase the seating capacity. The structure will be pre-fabricated because there is little space for a store construction area, and will also facilitate a fast and clean construction of the building. The walls will be made of bricks from demolished buildings. The roof will be steel frame, covered with tiles that have thermal and acoustic properties. Within the church, air will circulate naturally by means of openings in the roof, at the base of walls and in the facades.
The openings in the roof, the glass brick windows in the front and rear walls, will provide natural light.
The supporting pillars of the church will be set back from surrounding buildings, to avoid interference with unstable. Ramps with 8% inclination and stairs will provide access from ground to first floor including wheelchair. The chancel is placed lengthwise to allow closer community with the congregation, thus eliminating the need for voice amplification. The floor of the chancel and the corridors is made of locally produced stone. The floor of the nave and access to it is of black rubber. There are two chapels for private prayer, a baptism chapel and a tabernacle chapel. Next to the chapels are the vestry, the confessional and storage room for musical instruments. On the ground floor are located bathrooms and offices. The floor of this area is of high resistance concrete. The ground floor is all open without walls in the front and rear. Rainwater will be captured from roof gutters and stored in a tank for use in bathrooms and for cleaning. Furniture, religious images and art objects will be made by local artists. Two bells will be at the tower of the church with the cross. The total seating capacity - 450. Estimated cost construction - R$ 700.000,00. The proposed timeline - 240 days.
Quantum change and transferability The sustainability of the construction and use, its access for the disabled and its commitments to a participative liturgy will be a model for the Catholic Church and the people. The involvement of the community during project and construction and for the iconografic art will facilitate the feeling of ownership.
Ethical standards and social equity The buildings will restore dignity to the favela. As well as being ecumenical and being open to the whole community, the project is sensitive to the constraints in natural resources, and the community will have no long term expenses in electricity and water. Previously hidden scenery and fresh air will be restored to the favela with the elevated ground floor.
Ecological quality and energy conservation Air will be circulating naturally. A balanced temperature will be achieved using brick walls. The floors covered with rubber, the irregular brick walls and the tiles which thermal and acoustic properties will avoid any acoustic problems. The lighting will be naturally. Rainwater will be captured and stored.
Economic performance and compatibility Because of the very poor local reality the construction must be economic and also prove that is possible to do a beautiful and functional work with very little resources. The first part of the construction will be erected quickly because pre fabricated material is used. Then the community can start to work together to erect the walls. Local expertise and work force will be available and employed to work in the construction. The material used to finish the construction is easy to maintain and, together with the surface of the walls and tiles is suitable to improve the acoustic in the main body of the church. The savings of electricity and water will help to keep future expenses for the community very low.
Contextual and aesthetic impact The construction of the favela was unplanned. However, the construction of the Saint Paulina church demonstrates excellence in planning by providing a building which is constructed quickly, economically and with beauty. It is a building which embodies the ethical within the aesthetic, by reflecting respect for the environment, the inclusion of disabled people, the renewal of the outlook and the natural ventilation. The conception of this building is in accordance with the latest liturgy of de II Vatican Council which calls for simplicity and a participatory and dynamic congregation. The love of God and for each other is the message represented in this building. The major aesthetic impact will be in the coherence between the visual manifestation and this message.
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
